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AbstractStrep A (Streptococcus pyogenes) is a bacterium that commonly causes sore throats in humans. Some people who develop a bacterial infection can develop complications affecting other organs, such as the heart or kidneys. It is important for doctors to perform tests to identify patients with Strep A infection so they can be properly treated with antibiotics. Several devices are used in the laboratory to determine the anti-streptolysin O (ASO) titer based on the negative agglutination reaction, including the IChroma and Mispa i2 devices. These devices use O-streptolysin-sensitive molecules. We conducted a comparative study of these devices to measure ASO in 20 serum samples from 20 subjects exhibiting various inflammatory symptoms, including sore throat, difficulty swallowing, redness and swelling of the tonsils, and swollen lymph nodes in the neck. The study included 11 females (55%) and 9 males (45%). Most participants (60%) were between 5 and 25 years old. The performance of the devices was evaluated in relation to the clinical and microbiological assessments for each patient. The values corresponding to the Mispa i2 device were 16 (representing 80%), while those corresponding to the Ichroma device were 13 (represented 65%). Simple latex agglutination results, or results obtained with the Mispa i2 device, showed similarity to those of traditional methods for the conventional latex method, while results indicated a less similarity for the Ichroma device. Because the Mispa i2 method is simple and reproducible has a short reaction time, and a clear analytical endpoint, we recommend its routine use in determining ASO titers in a clinical microbiology laboratory. (Streptococcus pyogenes) . . . O (ASO) IChroma Mispa i2. O. ASO 20 ( 20 ). 11 (55) 9 (45). 60% 5 25 . . Mispa i2 80% (16) Ichroma 65% (13). Mispa i2 Ichroma . Mispa i2 ASO . ASO .IntroductionThe ASO test, an acronym for anti-streptolysin O, detects antibodies formed in the body when it is infected by group A streptococci. It detects whether a person is infected with these bacteria. This test is performed by taking and examining a blood sample. A normal ASO level in the blood is less than 200 IUmL Infection with Group A streptococci increases the ASO titer level. Diseases that cause an increase in the level of (ASO), including rheumatic fever include levels may reach approximately (800 IU ml), where the analysis of (ASO) is one of the most common tests for detecting rheumatic fever. Scarlet fever is another disease that causes an increase in the level of (ASO). In addition to cases of (bacterial endocarditis) caused by (Staphylococcus aureus). These bacteria are responsible for many throat infections and usually respond well to antibiotic treatment. However, if a Strep A infection is not diagnosed or poorly treated, the toxin produced by the bacteria (streptolysin O) can lead to complications such as severe rheumatism or glomerulonephritis (inflammation of the kidneys). Anti-ASO antibodies develop 1 week to 1 month after infection with Streptococcus A, peak around 4 to 6 weeks after disease onset and then decline, but may remain detectable for several months after recovery. (1) A negative or very low result, especially if it recurs after 10 to 14 days, indicates that the person may not have had a recent bacterial infection. However, there are rare exceptions. If the concentration is high or increasing, a recent bacterial infection is likely. The ASO blood test cannot be used to predict whether complications will occur or to predict the type and severity of disease. If symptoms of rheumatic fever or glomerulonephritis are present, a higher ASO titer can help confirm the diagnosis. The ASO titer (Anti-Streptolysin O) test is a blood test that checks for bacterial infections. When you come into contact with harmful bacteria, your body produces antibodies to defend itself against these itself; these antibodies specific to the bacteria it fights off. Usually, when you have a bacterial infection such as strep throat, you receive antibiotics that kill Streptococcus bacteria. However, some people don't develop any symptoms during a streptococcal infection and may not know they need treatment. When this happens, an untreated infection can lead to complications in the future. These sequelae are known as poststreptococcal complications. The letter "O" indicates that this is an alpha oxygen. SLO has direct toxic effects on the heart tissue. During streptococcal infection, SLO stimulates the production of specific anti-streptolysin (ASO) antibodies, which neutralize the hemolytic properties of the antigen. (1,2) Anti-Streptolysin O (ASO or ASLO) is the antibody that develops in response to streptolysin O, which is an immunogenic and oxygen-sensitive hemolytic toxin produced by most group A streptococci, as well as certain strains of groups C and G. The ASO titer test is a blood assay designed to detect a streptococcal infection. Streptococcus pyogenes is a species of Gram-positive, aerotolerant bacteria in the genus Streptococcus. These bacteria are extracellular and are made up of non-motile, non-sporing cocci (round cells) that tend to link in chains. They are clinically important for humans, as they are an infrequent but usually pathogenic part of the skin microbiota that can cause Group A streptococcal infections. S. pyogenes is the predominant species harboring the Lancefield group A antigen and is often called group A Streptococcus (GAS). However, both Streptococcus dysgalactiae and the Streptococcus anginosus group can also possess the group A antigen. When grown on blood agar, group A streptococci typically produce small (23 mm) zones of beta-hemolysis, indicating complete destruction of red blood cells. The name "group A (beta-hemolytic) Streptococcus" (GABHS) is also used. (3)

Copyright © 2025 Haniyeh Ahmed Mohamed Argiah. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License.