Paper Contents
Abstract
The lateral load resistance of tall structures is essential for maintaining structural stability and safety, especially against wind and seismic pressures. This review study offers a comparative analysis of outrigger and non-outrigger structural systems, assessing their efficacy in reducing lateral displacements and enhancing structural performance. Outrigger systems, including horizontal extensions that link the core to external columns, are well-regarded for their ability to augment rigidity and diminish drift. Conversely, non-outrigger systems use alternate methods, like shear walls, moment frames, or tube constructions, to counteract lateral stresses. The research analyses critical metrics such as lateral displacement, base shear, and overturning moments to assess the benefits and drawbacks of each system under different load circumstances.A thorough literature study delineates the development of outrigger systems, their configurations, and their influence on the structural performance of high-rise buildings. Studies demonstrate that outriggers significantly enhance load distribution and decrease core bending moments, making them appropriate for super-tall structures. Nonetheless, its adoption elevates structural complexity and building expenses. Non-outrigger systems, while more straightforward, may need bigger shear walls or further bracing to get equivalent performance. The research examines improvements in hybrid systems that integrate outriggers with additional lateral load-resisting devices, providing a balanced approach to efficiency and economic viability. The results indicate that the selection between outrigger and non-outrigger systems is contingent upon several aspects, including building height, material use, design limitations, and area seismic conditions. Although outriggers are superior in ultra-tall edifices, non-outrigger solutions are still feasible for mid-rise to high-rise constructions with improved design methodologies. Future research avenues include the use of smart materials, adaptive damping systems, and AI-driven optimization methodologies to augment lateral load resistance. This evaluation offers essential insights for structural engineers and architects in choosing the most suitable solution for tall building design.
Copyright
Copyright © 2025 EHRAZUL HODA. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License.
