Paper Contents
Abstract
The objective of this paper is to examine the key components of total quality management (TQM). TQM signifies a cohesive initiative aimed at enhancing the quality at every level within the organization. The historical development of total quality management consists of four phases: quality inspections, quality control, quality assurance, and ultimately, the TQM process itself. Quality is evident in human activities. During the Second World War, system production evolved into a complex procedure, leading to the analysis of quality through inspections; this process was executed more effectively when the workersevaluations were incorporated. The statistical oversight through inspections and the post-production task of distinguishing between functional and non-functional products have resulted in a specific sequence of these phases. The selection process should occur prior to initiating product development. The creation of control charts and the acceptance of survey techniques during the period from 1924 to 1931 significantly contributed to the inspection-related advancements in the field. In the third phase, known as quality assurance, a strategic analysis is conducted with the explicit aim of providing sufficient confidence that a specific product or service meets customer requirements. The subsequent phase introduced quality workbooks, where quality is attained at average costs, and the evolution of the control process aims to transition from the quality assurance stage to that of total quality management.
Copyright
Copyright © 2025 Shankar B.C. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License.
