Paper Contents
Abstract
The incorporation of nanomaterials in cementitious composites offers a promising approach to improving concretes mechanical performance. This study evaluates the effect of nano titanium dioxide (TiO) as a partial replacement for cement in M45 grade concrete. Five mixes were prepared with 0%, 1%, 2%, 3%, and 4% nano TiO by weight of cement, maintaining a constant wc ratio of 0.38. Mechanical properties such as density, water absorption, compressive strength, split tensile strength, and flexural strength were investigated. Results showed that 2% TiO yielded optimum performance, with compressive strength increasing by 18.85% at 7 days and 3.24% at 28 days, compared to control. Split tensile and flexural strengths improved by 5.38% and 1.93%, respectively. Nano TiO reduced water absorption by up to 33.84%, confirming pore refinement. Improvements are attributed to filler and nucleation effects, which densify the microstructure. Excess TiO (>2%) caused agglomeration, limiting further gains. The findings highlight TiOs potential as an effective additive for high-performance concrete.
Copyright
Copyright © 2025 AYUSH TIWARI. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License.
