Paper Contents
Abstract
This research presents a detailed experimental evaluation of M30 grade concrete modified with bio-silica ash derived from paddy husks (BSA) as a partial cement substitute and processed copper slag (PCS) as a partial coarse aggregate replacement. The study aims to enhance the mechanical performance and durability of concrete while promoting sustainable material utilization. All mix designs and testing protocols strictly adhered to relevant Indian Standards, including IS 456:2000, IS 516:2021, IS 10262:2019, and IS 383:2016, ensuring structural applicability within the domestic construction sector. An extensive test program was implemented to investigate the influence of BSA replacement levels ranging from 025% by cement mass and PCS replacement levels from 050% by coarse aggregate mass. Compressive, split tensile, and flexural strengths were evaluated at different curing ages, alongside workability, fresh density, and water absorption measurements. The results revealed optimum performance at 10% BSA and 30% PCS, with corresponding compressive strength improvements of 23.3% and 15.5% over the control mix. The performance gains were attributed to synergistic effects of pozzolanic reactivity from the BSA and superior particle packing and interfacial bonding provided by the PCS.The findings demonstrate the feasibility of integrating agricultural and industrial by-products into structural-grade concrete without compromising performance. Beyond mechanical benefits, the approach offers measurable environmental advantages, including reduced cement consumption, conservation of natural aggregates, and significant diversion of waste from landfills. This work contributes towards the development of next-generation sustainable concrete, combining circular economy principles with enhanced structural performance.Keywords: M30 concrete, bio-silica ash, paddy husk ash, processed copper slag, sustainable construction, mechanical properties, durability.
Copyright
Copyright © 2025 Shivam Singh. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License.
